Potato, mashed: fresh made with milk vs school lunch USDA FDC 2709496 vs 2709502
Per 100 g, fresh made with milk reports 114 calories, while school lunch reports 77 calories.
The comparison uses two cited USDA records. Their complete source names, household portions, nutrient values, and FoodData Central links remain visible below.
Record A · FDC 2709496
Potato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk
Check this record in FoodData Central ↗Highlighted difference
Calories at the same 100-gram weight
Bar length shows the two cited values on one shared denominator. It does not rank either food or establish why they differ.
-
114 kcal -
77 kcal
Shared basis: 100 g · kcal
Equal-weight evidence
Nutrition per 100 grams
Both columns use the same mass, which compares nutrient concentration without allowing the two representative source amounts to change the denominator. “A +” or “B +” reports the arithmetic difference between the cited values; it is not a quality score.
On smaller screens, focus a comparison table and scroll horizontally to read every column.
| Nutrient | A · Potato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk | B · Potato, mashed, from school lunch | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| CaloriesMaterial difference | 114 kcal | 77 kcal | A +37 kcal |
| Protein | 2.2 g | 2.1 g | No difference at displayed precision |
| Total fatMaterial difference | 4.1 g | 1.9 g | A +2.2 g |
| Carbohydrate | 17.6 g | 13.2 g | A +4.4 g |
| Dietary fiber | 1.2 g | 1 g | A +0.2 g |
| Total sugars | 2.1 g | 1.9 g | A +0.3 g |
| Sodium | 210 mg | 201 mg | A +9 mg |
| Saturated fatMaterial difference | 2.2 g | 0.5 g | A +1.7 g |
| PotassiumMaterial difference | 330 mg | 203 mg | A +127 mg |
| Calcium | 25 mg | 41 mg | B +16 mg |
| Iron | 0.3 mg | 0.2 mg | A +0.1 mg |
Values come from the two cited USDA FoodData Central Survey Foods records. Feast does not average records, impute missing values, or infer a nutrient from the food name.
Read the table by question
Every material primary-nutrient difference on this page is numerically higher in A (2 of 2).
These answers describe concentration per 100 grams. “More” and “less” identify the arithmetic direction only; they do not decide which record is a better match or which food is better for a person.
Which reports fewer calories?
Record B
Record B reports 77 kcal, compared with 114 kcal in the other record—a difference of 37 kcal.
Which reports more protein?
Same reported value
Both records report 2.2 g of protein per 100 g.
Which reports more fiber?
Record A
Record A reports 1.2 g, compared with 1 g in the other record—a difference of 0.2 g.
Which reports less sodium?
Record B
Record B reports 201 mg, compared with 210 mg in the other record—a difference of 9 mg.
What differs in the source descriptions
The exact names carry information the numbers cannot.
USDA assigns both records to “Mashed potatoes and white potato mixtures,” but the topic label is broad. Record A is “Potato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk.” Record B is “Potato, mashed, from school lunch.” Feast paired them because their contrast-neutral food identities are an exact match, not merely because they share a generic category.
The controlled name parser found 2 interpretable distinctions. These labels organize wording already present in the names; they do not establish that a distinction caused a nutrient difference.
| Description dimension | Record A | Record B |
|---|---|---|
| Source form | fresh | No matching controlled term in the source name |
| Source context | No matching controlled term in the source name | school |
Even a clean name contrast can carry hidden companions. A fried record may also include coating; a restaurant record can use a different recipe; a reduced-sodium description can differ in more than salt; and a source amount can reflect a different reporting convention. That is why this page reports the complete pair rather than treating one word as an intervention.
Portion context
A representative source amount is not a shared “serving.”
Record A uses USDA reference amount at 125 g. Record B uses USDA reference amount at 125 g. Those labels and gram weights come from their respective records. They are useful for scaling the chosen profile, but they are not recommendations and need not describe equal amounts.
The representative amounts do not cross Feast’s material portion-difference threshold of both 15 grams and 20%. They are still separate source measures, so the 100-gram table remains the appropriate place for an equal-weight comparison.
A cup, piece, slice, sandwich, fillet, or fluid ounce can have different gram weights across records. A matching label is not enough: check the listed grams. If accuracy matters more than convenience, weighing the food or using a current package label can be more specific than a generic survey-food measure.
Record A measures
- 1 cup250 g
- USDA reference amount125 g
Record B measures
- 1 cup250 g
- USDA reference amount125 g
One shared household label
1 cup: 250 g in A vs 250 g in B
Here the household label and listed gram weight match at displayed precision, so this particular table is also an equal-mass comparison. The values remain specific to these two source records, not a universal weight for every 1 cup.
| Nutrient | A · 250 g | B · 250 g |
|---|---|---|
| Calories | 285 kcal | 193 kcal |
| Protein | 5.4 g | 5.4 g |
| Dietary fiber | 3 g | 2.5 g |
| Sodium | 525 mg | 503 mg |
USDA source formulation evidence
The listed inputs provide another way to audit the match.
FNDDS includes input-food rows behind each standardized survey-food record. Record A’s leading listed inputs include Potatoes, baked, flesh, without salt, Cream, fluid, half and half, Table fat, NFS, Salt, table. Record B’s include Beverages, water, tap, drinking, Milk, lowfat, fluid, 1% milkfat, with added vitamin A and vitamin D, Potatoes, mashed, dehydrated, flakes without milk, dry form, Margarine, NFS. Ingredient-code overlap is 13%, and normalized listed-input-weight variation is 100%.
Record A · 4 coded inputs
Potato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk
- Potatoes, baked, flesh, without saltIngredient code 11363 · open source index77.8% of listed input weight
- Cream, fluid, half and halfIngredient code 1049 · open source index19.4% of listed input weight
- Table fat, NFSIngredient code 81100000 · open source index2.3% of listed input weight
- Salt, tableIngredient code 2047 · open source index0.5% of listed input weight
Record B · 5 coded inputs
Potato, mashed, from school lunch
- Beverages, water, tap, drinkingIngredient code 14411 · open source index55.1% of listed input weight
- Milk, lowfat, fluid, 1% milkfat, with added vitamin A and vitamin DIngredient code 1082 · open source index27.6% of listed input weight
- Potatoes, mashed, dehydrated, flakes without milk, dry formIngredient code 1137814.5% of listed input weight
- Margarine, NFSIngredient code 81102000 · open source index2.4% of listed input weight
- Salt, tableIngredient code 2047 · open source index0.4% of listed input weight
1 shared coded input
The largest shared entries include Salt, table. Shared codes can still carry different listed weights.
3 A-only and 4 B-only coded inputs
A-only entries include Potatoes, baked, flesh, without salt, Cream, fluid, half and half, Table fat, NFS. B-only entries include Beverages, water, tap, drinking, Milk, lowfat, fluid, 1% milkfat, with added vitamin A and vitamin D, Potatoes, mashed, dehydrated, flakes without milk, dry form, Margarine, NFS.
Important: repeated rows carrying the same ingredient code are combined before the shares and overlap are calculated. These weights belong to USDA’s source formulation: they are not a reconstructed plate, final cooked yield, visitor serving, ingredient declaration, or estimate of what is visible in a photo. USDA’s FNDDS documentation explains that these calculation recipes can represent multiple variants, may include retention or moisture adjustments, and are not product-label ingredient lists.
- NFS means “not further specified.” The record intentionally leaves the exact subtype, size, or preparation unresolved.
Choosing the closer record
Match context first; scale second.
- 01
Read both names literally
Compare cooking method, coating, edible skin or peel, sauce, additions, venue, source form, and food subtype. For this pair, the full A and B descriptions above are the evidence—not shortened search labels.
- 02
Use listed inputs as a check
If the name still leaves ambiguity, compare the leading and unique source inputs. They can reveal that two near names refer to meaningfully different standardized formulations, but they do not reconstruct your dish.
- 03
Choose an amount for that record
After choosing A or B, use its own named measure and gram weight. Do not transfer a cup, slice, or “typical amount” from the other record as if the measures were interchangeable.
- 04
Account for missing details
Brand, current restaurant recipe, cooking oil, drained weight, toppings, substitutions, and unfinished portions may not be captured. A label or weighed recipe can supersede a generic reference when it better matches the actual food.
Limits and responsible interpretation
This is a comparison of records, not a causal study.
The two records come from 2021–2023 FoodData Central Survey Foods data. The nutrient table faithfully compares their published values on the same weight basis. It does not measure two plates prepared at the same time, isolate one ingredient, or estimate the uncertainty around either value.
For this pair, the source names differ across 2 documented description dimensions, while the listed formulations show 13% ingredient-code overlap and 100% normalized listed-weight variation. Moisture, ingredient proportions, preparation, and record construction can therefore move together. The page can describe the combined record difference; it cannot isolate the effect of one word.
A higher or lower number is not an overall verdict. Protein, fiber, sodium, energy, fat, micronutrients, preferences, allergies, budget, portion, and an individual’s goals answer different questions. Feast therefore reports directions and magnitudes without applying a universal “healthier” label.
This page is educational and does not diagnose a condition, prescribe a target, or replace advice from a qualified professional. For an allergy, medically directed diet, or strict ingredient limit, use verified ingredient information and guidance appropriate to that situation.
How this page qualified
A page is published only when the pair clears materiality and diversity gates.
Both records must occupy the same USDA survey-food topic and share a close food identity after a controlled vocabulary separates preparation, edible-part, source, claim, crust, and sauce wording. Exact contrast-neutral identities receive priority. Close ingredient or form substitutions can qualify when name overlap remains high and the numerical evidence is material.
For primary nutrients, Feast requires both an absolute and relative difference: at least 20 kcal and 12% for energy; 2 g and 18% for protein or fat; 5 g and 15% for carbohydrate; 1 g and 20% for fiber; 4 g and 20% for sugars; or 100 mg and 20% for sodium. A focused one-nutrient pair also needs a material representative-amount or formulation distinction. Rounding-only pairs are not published.
Unordered FDC IDs define a canonical pair, so reversing A and B cannot create another page. Each source record can appear twice at most, each USDA topic contributes no more than 40 pages, and closely repeated identity families are capped. Those rules produced a selective comparison library rather than every mathematical combination in the corpus.
Read the complete nutrition-page methodology for import, nutrient mapping, portion scaling, Daily Value, and uncertainty rules.
Decision support from the exact records on this page
Turn source data into a better next decision
These conclusions and reading paths are computed from 2 exact records behind Potato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk versus Potato, mashed, from school lunch. Links are chosen by record identity, controlled contrast, formulation input, nutrient spread, or serving context—not by loose keyword similarity.
Equal-weight result
Potato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk is higher in calories per 100 g
Potato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk reports 114 kcal versus 77 kcal for Potato, mashed, from school lunch: a 37 kcal difference when both are normalized to 100 g.
Inspect the underlying evidenceThese listed servings have equal weights
2 listed servings each weigh 125 g
The 2 records with a listed serving weight on this page each use 125 g. Their serving totals therefore compare equal weights, even if the household labels differ. Match the preparation and adjust the weight to the amount you eat.
Record identity is part of the estimate
Distinguish “Potato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk” from “Potato, mashed, from school lunch”
These are separate USDA records with separate formulations or survey descriptions. Match preparation, additions, and the named household amount before borrowing either record’s nutrients.
Inspect the underlying evidenceContextual knowledge graph
Follow the relationship that matches your question
For Potato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk versus Potato, mashed, from school lunch, each path states why the destination belongs here, so you can distinguish a true evidentiary connection from a merely similar label.
Potato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk and Potato, mashed, from school lunch are explicitly linked in this guide, which separates direct name matches from contextual variants.
Follow this evidence path Put the observed spread in corpus context Calories: density and serving contextIn this page’s records, calories runs from 77 kcal in Potato, mashed, from school lunch to 114 kcal in Potato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk, all per 100 g.
Follow this evidence path 2 exact records carried forward PotatoPotato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk and Potato, mashed, from school lunch are explicitly linked in this guide, which separates direct name matches from contextual variants.
Follow this evidence path Test a nearby record choice Potato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk vs Potato, mashed, from restaurantPotato, mashed, from fresh, made with milk is held as one side of the comparison. The explicit record-description contrast is Source form: fresh versus No matching controlled term in the source name; it is a selection cue, not evidence of cause.
Follow this evidence path A formulation detail that separates records Beverages, water, tap, drinkingUSDA input 14411 appears in 1 of 2 context records; its summed listed input weight spans 160–160 g across those source formulations. These are source-formulation input weights, not plated or serving weights. Follow the code to inspect every represented occurrence.
Follow this evidence path A formulation detail that separates records Cream, fluid, half and halfUSDA input 1049 appears in 1 of 2 context records; its summed listed input weight spans 25–25 g across those source formulations. These are source-formulation input weights, not plated or serving weights. Follow the code to inspect every represented occurrence.
Follow this evidence path Test a nearby record choice Potato, mashed, from restaurant vs Potato, mashed, from school lunchPotato, mashed, from school lunch is held as one side of the comparison. The explicit record-description contrast is Source context: restaurant or fast food versus school; it is a selection cue, not evidence of cause.
Follow this evidence path